Menopause is a term, which is used
to indicate the time when a woman’s monthly cycle stops permanently. It is a
natural process that occurs due to the depletion of ovarian oocytes from aging.
Menopause usually occurs between the ages of 48 and 51; however, premature
menopause may occur in some women due to the failure of ovaries before the age
of 40.
Symptoms of Menopause
Menopause occurs due to the
cessation of menstrual cycle, which is associated with depletion in level of
reproductive hormones, especially estrogen. Low estrogen level may cause hot
flushes and night sweats, psychological changes such as mood swings, depression and insomnia. In addition, genital tract atrophy such as vaginal dryness,
urinary incontinence and painful intercourse may be experienced. It is always
advised to consult a doctor for any abnormal vaginal bleeding because it may be
linked to a precancerous or cancerous condition of the uterus.
Diagnosis of Menopause
Though diagnosis can be made
based on the patient’s history, laboratory testing confirms the diagnosis of
menopause. Menopause is associated with elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
and low level of estrogen. Other tests may be done to confirm the diagnosis of
menopause. It is important for women to know when they have menopause because
it brings many changes in the body and therefore proper treatment and lifestyle
changes can help women cope-up with this midlife crisis.
Treatment for menopause
Menopause is not a disease rather
it is a natural process that is associated with aging. However, this process
brings several changes in the physiological and psychological changes in a
woman. Low level of reproductive hormone increases the risk of osteoporosis,
bone fracture and heart-related problems such as myocardial infarction and
stroke, besides others. A healthy lifestyle
therefore is crucial to avoid the risks of diseases that women get vulnerable
to after menopause. A healthy lifestyle includes balance diet, supplementation
of vitamins and micronutrients, physical exercise and getting rid of cigarettes
and alcohol. Besides, general health checkups need to be done at regular intervals.
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